1RK91 Stainless Steel US UNS S46910

02Cr12Ni9Mo4Cu2TiAl (1RK91) is an ultra-high strength and high-toughness super martensitic stainless steel developed in the early 1990s. Different from the traditional concept that uses alloy carbides or nitrides as the main strengthening phases to make the steel achieve high strength, this steel takes Fe-Cr-Ni as the matrix, and uses Cu, Mo, Ti, and Al as strengthening elements, and controls the carbon content to a level of ≤0.02%. Firstly, through solution treatment, the alloying elements are fully dissolved into the matrix, and then rapidly cooled to obtain a lath martensite structure supersaturated with alloying elements; then aging treatment is carried out to precipitate precipitation hardening phases mainly composed of intermetallic compounds from the martensite matrix, and at the same time, part of the martensite undergoes reverse transformation to form reversed austenite. The 1RK91 steel uses intermetallic compounds as the strengthening phase and reversed austenite as the toughening phase, enabling the steel to obtain the best combination of strength and toughness. Since carbon is an element that has a harmful effect on strength and toughness, it is included in the list of elements to be controlled. Both theoretically and practically, the development of this steel grade is regarded as a breakthrough progress in ultra-high strength steels.

After solution treatment at around 1,000°C, 1RK91 steel can be cold-worked into metallurgical products such as bars, plates, wires, and strips. After aging treatment at 450-475°C, it still has good plasticity and excellent fracture toughness under the condition of obtaining a high strength of 3,000 MPa; at the same time, it also has excellent cold working performance and welding performance, good corrosion resistance and resistance to overaging. It is used to manufacture components and devices used under a variety of complex conditions. Sandvik's 1RK91 has passed the Vitro (cytotoxicity) test, verifying that the steel does not have any potential cytotoxicity, so it can safely come into contact with human tissues, body fluids or blood, and meets the requirements of all relevant allergy and skin irritation test standards. Currently, it is mainly used to manufacture mesh blades for electric shavers, surgical suturing needles, surgical blades, drills, scissors, files, pliers, punches, guides and other surgical medical devices.

Physical Properties

The physical properties of 1RK91 steel are related to many process factors: including the content of alloying elements, heat treatment, and production process flow, etc. The performance data given below can be used for rough calculations.

Density: 7.9 g/cm³; Resistivity: 0.97 μΩ/m in the cold-drawn state, and 0.83 μΩ/m in the aged state.

The elastic modulus (E) depends on the size of the steel wire and the cold-drawn reduction rate. No reference data can be provided for bars, but the elastic modulus (E) of steel wires and straight steel wires can reach 185-200 GPa.

Nitronic60 stainless steel              

Corresponding grade of 1RK91 stainless steel          

Chemical composition of 1RK91 stainless steel                                             

Mechanical properties of 1RK91 stainless steel       

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